Photographic device



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W. L. APPLING PHOTOGRAPHIE() DEVICE Filed May 8, 1943 Nov. 6, 1945.

Nov. 6, 1945. w. L. APPLING PHOTOGRAPHIC DEVICE Filed May 8, 1943 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 N0 6, 1945. w. 1 APPLING PHOTOGRAPHIC DEVICE Filed May 8, 1943 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Patented Nov. 6,1945

, UNITED STATES. PATENT OFFICE PHOTQGRAPHIC DEVICE William L. Appllng, Uvalde, Tex.

Application May 8, 1943, Serial No. 486,149

Claims.

Aa relatively economical and easy to operate accessory which includes a slide for carrying a focus screen and film plate in co-planar relationship thereon and between it and a cooperative positioning holder, the whole being of a relatively thin compact construction.

Another object of my invention is the provision oi a novel focus screen which may be used under all lighting conditions, and permits by means of a single device the employment of projection focusing for darker conditions and ground glass focusing for lighter conditions.

'Another object of my invention relates to a I novel form of film or film plate, particularly adapted for use with the device of my invention, and which includes in a unitary piece or strip a focusing screen portion.

One of the uses to which my device is particu-- larly adapted is in the use or conversion of a photographic enlarger or projector into a camera. It is, of course, recognized that any enlarger, magic lantern or projector can take pictures if an unexposed nlm is placed inthe same position behindA the lens as a slide or developed film is ,placedto project a picture. Two factors must be considered in making the conversion. The object must be in focus and the uneXposed lm must be in a light-tight cover, except during'the time of exposure, until the film is properly developed., By

employment of the device of my invention, which may be termed a camera slide, consideration of these factorsis greatly simpliiled and expedited.

'I'he camera slide of my invention may be used under all lighting conditions and adaptedv for a wide variety ofphotographic devices and conditions. In a simple manner it permits the employment of projection focus for darker conditions on the Aground glass focus principle for lighter conditions. My camera slide is so constructed and arranged that the focus screen and unexposed film are carried in exactly the same plane, and are both at hand and ready for'instant successive use by a slidingmovement in a vrelatively thin compact device so that it may be positioned within the conventional slide or holder recess of an enlarger or projector, employed with or without the lamp thereof, and without necessity for iirst employing a focus screen, withdrawing it, and then replacing it with an unexposed illxn holder as 'has heretofore been the practice. Such prior methods and devices not only required expert technique and multiple devices but additionally were not capable without extreme care of producing the accurate results and the sharp focusing required in for example, in copying work or shortfocus photography. By employment of my camera slide device sharp, in focus, and. accurate eld embracement results may be obtained in a quick and convenient manner even by the relatively inexperienced operator.r

1n general my device comprises a relatively thin, elongated holder member formed with a sight aperture adjacent one end thereof, the surface area of the opposed end portion being imperioy rate, and a slide member for slidaole engagement with the holder within longitudinal flanges. The slide member is formed with a -focus screen aperture adjacent one end adapted to register with the sight opening of the holder, and similarly the opposed end portion is imperora'te. The slide includes means for seating a suitable focus screen on its inner face to embrace the aperture, and means for receiving and seating unexposed film over the imperforate end portion, and means for forming a light-tight pocket with the imperforate portion of the holder. The slide, after being lled with unexposed film in a dark room, is adapted to be brought into coextensive engagement with the holder whereby the focus screen aperture is in register with the sight opening of the holder for focusing purposes while the lnlm seating portion forms a light-tight pocket with the adjacent portion of the holder.

Thereafter for the purpose of photographic exposure the slide is moved into non-coextensive engagement whereby the lm seating portion is brought into register vwith the sight opening of the holder, and then returned to coextensive engagement.

Other objects, advantages and important aspects of the invention will be apparent from the following specification and accompanying drawings, wherein:

Fig. 1 is a top plan view of my device with the portions in co-extensive'engagement and focusing position, and viewed from the outer face of the slide portion.

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section on the line 2-2 of Fig. l.

Fig. a is a section similar to that of Fig. a but with the slidemoved to exposure position.

Fig. d is a section similar to that of Fig. 2 but with the slide moved to film loading or discharge position.

the slide partially extended into the holder, and

with part of the holder broken away.

Fig. 9 is a transverse sectional view of a modiiied form of holder construction.

Fig. 10 is a diagrammatic side elevation of an enlarger.

Fig. 1l is a view simar to that of Fig. 10, but with the lamp housing removed.

Fig. 12 is a schematic illustration of the use of my device in projection focusing.

Fig. 13 is a schematic illustration of the use of my device for view focusing and for photograph- Fig. 14 illustrates the projection of the geometric design embodied in the ground glass illustrated in Fig. 1,v onto an object to be copied or photographed.

Fig. 15' is a fragmentary, longitudinal section of a. modied form ofA my device.

assegno tending transversely of the holder i6, and longitudinally adjustable thereof, are a pairof positioning members i5. These positioning members, as best illustrated in the sectional view of Fig. 5 each comprises a tubular member i6 which. lies transversely of and against the outer face of the holder it, a clamp member l1 winch extends through the tubular member and into embracing engagement With the anges iii, and a screw it which extends through the tube it into threaded engagement with the clamp i?. By adjustment of the screw id, ,the tension of the clamp il may be increased or decreased and thus the unit i5 may be moved longitudinally of the holder l@ and set into desired operative engagement in suitable position for purposes which will hereinafter more fully described.

The' slide member li is adapted to be received slidably within thev iianges l2 and i2 of the holder it, the slide il .being also provided' with longitudinally extending return bent flanges 99... One terminal end of the slide Il is bent at an angle thereto to provide .the handle portiond, the opposed end is return bent against the inner face of the slide as at 2i, to partially denne a seat and terminal abutment for a focusing screen 22, which lies against 'the inner surface of the slide li and embraces the focus screen aperture 23. This focus screen aperture 23 is of Fig. 16 is a bottom plan view of the modified 1 form illustrated in Fig. 15.

Fig. 17 is a bottom plan, or inner face view of' a modified form of the slide portion of my device. Fig. 18 is a longitudinal section of the slide illustrated in Fig. 17, extended within a-holder like that of Fig. 2.

Fig. 19 is a transverse section on the line l9-l S of Fig. 18.

` Fig. 20 is a transverse section on the line 2-2@ of Fig. 18. l

Fig. 21 is an illustration of a novel /forrn of unitary strip or film plate, one end of which is in the form of a ground glass or frosted finish flex-n ible strip. l i

Fig. 22 is a View similar to that of Fig. 2l but with a projection focusing design formed on the ground glass.

Fig. 23 illustrates a focusing screen, or speCi cally a ground glass having a projectible 'design which may -be employed for projection focusing with any of the forms of my device.

Fig. 24 illustrates a. photo sensitive lm plate or strip which may be employed with any of the forms of my device.

Referring ,to the drawings, particularly Figs. 1 to 8, my camera slide is composed essentially of two main portions, one being an elongated relatively thin holder member'generally indicated by reference numeral IB, and the other being a complementary, relativelyelongated thin slide member generally indicated :by the reference numeral H. either metal, plastics or Wood.

The holder i!) is formed with longitudinal re- Each of these portions may be formed of ground glass per se. i

turn bent anges l2, these flanges being of readjacent one'end thereof, the Iremaining body portion being imperforate, to provide a-cooperative mask or light-tight pocket with the slide ii rectangular form provided adjacent one end of the slide li and is adapted to register with the sight opening Iii of the holder, when the holder Id and slide il vare in coextensive engagement with each other. The remaining end portion of the slide H is imperforate and is adapted to receive and position a strip ofphoto sensitive film or ilm plate 2i. As illustrated in Fig. t,

the lm 2d may be positionedon the slide ii by slidably inserting it beneath the flange id until it comes into abutment with the transversely extending member 2t. A piece of felt, plush or velvet 26 is secured to the transversely extending -member 25 which, together with asimilar strip 2da, which may suitably be secured to a return bent portion of the handle 2d, forma light-tight and light excludingpocket with the imperforate end of the holder i e.

It will be noted that the transversely extendingmember 25 in addition to providing a transs verse stop for the film 2li. and holding means for the light-excluding strip 26, additionally provides a transverse stop or frame for'the focusing screen 22 together with the portion 2i previously described. The focusing screen 22 which preferably is in the form of a strip ofexible material, may be 'flexed and inserted beneath the anges la against the inner face of the .holder 'ii and in embracing engagement over the aperture 23. The focusing screen 22 may comprise a negative, but preferably is a piece of frosted nlm, the latter being hereinafter referred-to under the conventional designation of ground glass and it will therefore be understood that this term is inclusive of both 1 or either a -frosted film orr In the preferred form of my invention. the ground glass Z2 is provided with a design''i engraved thereon. This design is preferably of ra geometric nature and' is for the purpose of projection'focusing. This design 21 may be of any.

' suitable form, another being such as that illustrated in Fig. 22.

The use -of a negative in projection focusing as will be hereinafter more fullydescribed. Exis well known, and the use 0f a ground glass for view focusingpurposes is likewise well known. However, by means of my novel ground glass provided with a projectible design, the same ground glass may be employed for either or both view focusing or projection focusing,

Fig. 10 diagrammatically illustrates a. conventional form of enlarger with which my camera slide may be used for purposes of copying, table top photography, enlargement or reduction. As conventional the enlarger in Fig. 10 comprises a lamp housing 28, a frame portion 29 having a recess 3D, a bellows 3l and lens 32. As illustrated in Fig. 1l in many of these enlargers the lamp housing 28 may be bodily removed or detached so that as illustrated the remaining portion comprises essentially a camera and may be so used. It will thus be understood that the illustration in Fig. 1l is likewise intended to diagrammatically illustrate a camera. Frame portion 29 as illustrated in Figs. 10 and 11, is open at three sides, and for use with a frame of this general construction, my device may be inserted within the recess 30 as illustrated in Fig. 2, by insertion through the front of the recess 30, with both positioning members I engaged to the lholder i0. After once being set into rm lateral abutment with the body 29, the positioning members l5 may thereafter be retained in position for successive use without further adjustment. In the event, however, that as is likewise conventional, some enlargers are provided with a portion similar to that of 29 but open only at the two sides, then it will be necessary that one of the positioning members l5 be rst removed, my device inserted endwise and thereafter the removed positioning member replaced and clamped into position.

It will thus be understood that my device may be used with a large variety of enlargers and is adjustable for various sizes thereof, and can be engaged thereto or within, or over a similar negative carrying or receiving stage and adjusted thereto by manipulation of the members i5 which serve as positioning and clamping members. The slot 3D of the structural member 29 will likewise be understood to diagrammaticaily illustrate the slide receiving aperture of a conventional magic lantern or projector.

1n the operation of my device, the slide it is slidably engaged within the anges i2-i2 of the holder l l, after a suitable focusing screen has been positioned therein. Thereafter a lm plate 24, as illustrated in Fig. 4 is inserted in the slide in a dark room, and the slide and holder thereafter brought into coextensive engagement as illustrated in Fig. 2 to Aposition the lm plate 24 in the light-tight pocket provided between and formed by the imperforate portions of the holder and slide. Thereafter my camera slide unit is ready for use and may be inserted within the slot 30 of the enlarger of Fig. 10, as illustrated .by the dotted lines in tre detailed view of Fig. 2, with the positioning clamps l5 in embracing engagement with the structural member 29.

In projection focusing, by means of an enlarger such as that of Fig. 10, and with either the employment of a negative as a focusing screen or preferably my novel focusing screen 22 provided with a projectible design 21, the projector lamp is turned on as illustrated in Fig, 12, and the design 21 of the ground glass 22 projected on to the object which it is desired to photograph or copy 33. As illustrated in Fig. 14, the design 21 carried on the ground glass 22 is projected in the form of an image 21', and by suitable conventional focusing manipulation, brought into desired focus, and the area or object desired to be copied properly brought under and centered by means of the projectible design 21. Thereafter the lamp 34 is turned off, and the slide I0 moved laterally into non-coextensive engagement with the holder Il and into limiting position of the handle 20 against the abutment shoulders I3. as illustrated in Fig. 3 and Fig. 13, to bring the nlm 24 into register with the sight opening I4 of the holder and into exposure position. Here external lighting conditions may be suitably adjusted for proper exposure, and after exposure the slide returned into coextensive engagement with the holder, the entire camera slide removed Vand the ii-lm unloaded in a manner similar to that shown in Fig. 4 in a dark room.

'By provision of my novel device it will be evident that sharp focusing may be simply effected, and without the necessity for removing the focusing screen, the film to be exposed is immediately thereafter moved into exposure position, and since my device is so constructed and arranged that the film is maintained in cO-planar position with the ground glass, when the nlm is Imoved into exposure position it will be embraced over the same exposure area and be retained in the same plane as was the ground glass, and thus a sharp and clear photograph will be obtained of equal definition as that of the projected design 21.

If desired, a lamp housing of an enlarger or magic lantern need not loe employed but simply an ordinary spot light or other suitable light of proper intensity in the position of the lamp 34. On the other hand if the lighting conditions are suitable, the use of a spot light or lamp 34 may Ibe entirely dispensed with and the ground glass either with or without a design 21 may be used for focusing in conventional ground glass viewing manner. Although not illustrated, it will be apparent that my camera slide device may .be similarly employed as a camera back and utilized for focusing and photography in the manner or manners herein described.

Fig. 9 diagrammatically illustrates a transverse section of a modified form of construction which may be suitable when my device is formed of wood. Thus, for example, this form may comprise the holder 35 and the slide 3B, the latter being `provided with beveled edges 31 slidably received within the slot provided by the inclined anges 38. In this form the transversely extending positioning guides may be in 'the form of xed members 39 secured to the outer face of the holder 35 by means of a screw 40.

The modified form shown in Figs. l5 and 16, is generally simi-lar to the form of Figs. l to 8, but in this instance the holder 4l is provided with xed'positioning members 42 xedly secured, as by welding, to the outer face of the holder "body 4l, the positioning members 42`being suitably in the form of the illustrated angle pieces. This simplified form of construction is adapted for use With an enlarger of a given size, and will often be found suitable as an accessory to be sold for or together with a specic form and size of enlarger.

Figs. 11 to 20 illustrate a modified form of construction wherein the holder I0 is identical in all respects with the holder illustrated in Figs. 1 to 8. The slide l I is likewise generally similar in all respects to the slide ll illustrated in Figs. i to 8 with the exception that the member 25 of Figs. 1 -to 8 which is secured to and extends transversely ofthe inner face of the slide iii, and provides an end stop for the lm strip, is replaced in the form of Figs. 17 to 20 with the transverse member t3, which is elevated above the inner face of the slide i i' and is secured to and between the longitudinal flanges i9 of the slide. The purpose of this construction is to such as that shown inFig. 21 or 22. The portion i3 is provided with a pair of felt or light excluding brushes, one extending upwardly from the inner faceof the slide as indicated at ihsimilar to the light excluding strip 2a of the previous forms, and in addition there is the downwardly extending strip lid.- This downwardly extending strip d5 while laying against the inner face ci the slide il permits passage of or insertion of a unitary strip such as that illustrated in Fig. 2l or 22x.

The strip illustrated in Fig. 221 comprises a sensitized film plate portion it and an integral frosted or ground glass focusing screen ill. Fig. 221 illustrates a strip similar to Fig'. 21 having a sensitized 'portion t@ and a ground glass focusing screen portion dt, this ground glass portion being provided with a geometric design E@ similar in character to that shown and previously described with respect end portion thereof and adapted thereat to form permit' insertion of a unitary strip to focus screen 22. Any other design of a similar f nature and for a similar function may, of course, be provided.

. 'If desired l may, with the form of my device shown in Figs. 17 to 20, use the separate form of focusing screen 22 and sensitized film it as illustrated in Figs. 23 and 24.. respectively, in a manner and to the same end fully as eiective as with the unitary( forms of Figs. 21- and 22. It will also be understood that the illustrations in Figs. 21 to 2li are shown 'dimensionally reduced in proportion to. the slides and holders illustrated in the remainying gures of the drawings, merely for convenience in illustration. Likewise both the lm and the camera lslide device of my invention, and the various illustrated forms thereof, may be made in proportion in suitable size for the purpose of use with now conventional standard sizes or films, or

for any specially designed newly provided form of x film such as for example the unitary strip forms 0f Figs. 21 and 22.'

it will also be understood that the form of construction illustrated in Figs. 17 to 20 may be provided with xed holder positioning members such as illustratedV in Figs. 15 and 16 in place of the longitudinally .adjustable ones illustrated.

for engaging it in iixed photographic relationship` It will also beunderstood that certain details Y of my camera slide may be modiied without departing from the spirit of my invention. For example, insteacl' of the longitudinal extending r flanges i Q-i for holding and positioning the focusing screen and/or sensitized nlm on the slide ii or il', it will be evident without necessity for further illustration that pairs of transversely extending' ilanges may be secured to the inner face of the slide member, or other positioning means such as hinged frame portions and the like may be provided.

I claim as my invention:

l. A photographic device "of the class described `comprisinga relatively. thin elongated holder member formed with a single sight aperture therethrough, the-remaining face portion being imperforate. and a complementary elongated slide member formed with a focus screen aperture including a focusing screen carrying a projectible design extended over the aperture adjacent one end thereof adapted to register withsaid sight opening, the slide member including photographic lm holder means adapted to provide a seat for said holder formed with a light-tight pocket with the imperforate end portion of the holder and between the adjacent faces of 4said portions.

2. A photographic device oi the class described comprising a thin elongated holder member formed with a sight aperture adjacent one end thereof,

the surface area ofthe opposed end portion thereof being imperforate, and a complementary elongated member in longitudinally slidable operative/engagement therewith, said slidableoi adapted to form a light-tight pocket withthe imperiorate end portion of said holder, and means on the outer surface of the holder member for positioning the device in photographic relationship rearwardly o' a lens.

3. A photographic device of the class described comprising a relatively thin elongated holder member formed with a -sight aperture adjacent one end thereof, the surface area of the opposed end portion being imperforaterand a slide member for slidable engagement with said ,holder within flanges extending longitudinally of the holder, the slide member being formed with a focus ,screen aperture adjacent one end thereof adapted t0 register with said sight opening, the surface area of the opposed end thereof being imperforate, said slide including afocus screen embodying a projectible design against the inner face thereof and over its aperture and means for seating a photographic film over the inner face of the imperiorate lportion thereof in the same plane assaid screen and including means thereat the inner face of the holder for vlimiting slidable movement of' the slide member, arrd means "extending from the outer surface of said holder rearwardly of'a lens at the focal plane of an enlarger, projector, camera, and the like device. f d. A photographic device of the class described comprising a relatively thin elongated holder member formed with a sight aperture intermediate the ends thereof and a complementary elongated slide member in slidable engagement therein formed with a focus screen aperture adjacent one end thereof adapted in one position to register with said sight opening and including co-planar photographic nlm engagement seat means adjacent the opposed end thereof and adapted thereat and in said position to beshielded by and to form a light-tight pocket with the remaining portion of said holder, and a; focusing screen carrying a projectiblel design positioned against the face. of said slide and embracing the aperture thereof.

5. A photographic device of the class described comprising a relatively thin elongated holder member formed with a sight aperture adjacent one end thereof and a complementary elongated slide member movable relative to and within the a focus screen apertureadjacent one end thereof adapted' in one operative position to registerwithsaid sight opening, said slide including photographic film engagement means adjacent the opposed end thereoi and adapted thereat and in said operative position to form a light-tight pocket with the remaining portion of said holder and between their opposed adjacent surfaces, and a; ground glass focusing screen positioned against the inner face of said slide and embracing the aperture thereof, said ground glass being formed with a focusing design thereon.

6. A unitary focus screen and photographic film carrying devicef of the class described comprising an elongated holder member formed with a sight opening adapted to be positioned in photographing relationship rearwardly of a lens, and a complementary slide member formed with a focus screen aperture including a focusing screen carrying a projectible design extended over the aperture adjacent one end and including coplanar film seating means adjacent the opposed end, said slide being adapted to be successively moved relative to and in engagement with said holder whereby in'one position .the focus screenthereof ispin register with the sight opening of the holder and the film seating portion forms a light-tight pocket with and is shielded against inadvertent exposure by the remaining imperiorate portion of the holder, and in another position the film seating portion of the slide is in register with the sight aperture of the holder.

7. A unitary focus screen and photographic film carrying device of the class described comprising a relatively thin elongated holder member formed with a sight opening therethrough and adapted to be positioned in photographing relationship rearwardly of a lens, the opposed end portion thereof being imperforate, and a complementary slide member formed with a focus screen aperture adjacent one end and seating a focusing screen thereover embodying a projectible design, the opposed end portion of said slide being imperforate and including means adjacent the opposed end, for seating photographic film in co-planar relationship with said focusingV screen,`said slide being adapted to be successively brought into engagement with said holder whereby the focus screen aperture thereof is in register with the sight opening of the holder and the lm seating portion forms a light-tight pocket with the imperforate end of the holder, and thereafter into non-coextensive engagement whereby the i'llm seating portion of the slide is in register with the sight aperture of the holder for photographic exposure of contained film.

8. A unitary focus screen and photographic nlm carrying device of the class described comprising a relatively thin elongated holder member formed with a sight opening adapted to be positioned in xed photographing relationship rearwardly of the lens of an enlarger, projector, camera and thev like apparatus, and a complementary thin slide member engaged within and movable relative to said holder formed with a focusscreenapertureadiacentonsendandincluding a ground glass focusing screen including a projectible design thereover and co-planar lm seating means adjacent the opposed end for positioning photographic film against said latter end portion, said slide being adapted to be successively moved relative to said holder whereby in one operative position the focus screen aperture thereof is in register with the sight opening a sight opening adjacent one end thereof adapted to be positioned in photographing relationship rearwardly of a lens, the opposed end portion being imperforate, and a complementary slide member formed with a focus screen aperture adjacent one end and including means for holding a focus screen extended thereover and co-planar photographic film seating means adjacent the opposed and imperforate end thereof, said slide being adapted to receive and position an elongated unitary strip one end portion of which is in the form of a focusing screen adapted to lie over the focus screen aperture and the other end yof which is a photographic film, said slide and contained strip being further adapted to be successively brought into co-extensive engagement with said holder whereby the focus screen aperture thereof is in register with the sight opening of the holderand the film seating portion forms a light-tight pocket with the opposed end of the holder, and thereafter into non-coextensive engagement with the film seating portion of the slide in register with the sight aperture of the holder.

10. A unitary focusing screen and photographic nlm carrying device, comprising: an elongated holder member having a sight opening extending therethrough; an elongated slide member movable relative to and within said holder member; a focusing screen carried by said slide member arranged lto register with said sight opening in one operative position of said slide member relative to said holder member, said focusing screen having a proiectible design thereon; and means on said slide member longitudinally spaced from said focusing screen for supporting a photographic film in a plane common to that of said focusing screen with said photographic film shielded by said holder member against inadvertent exposure, said slide member having another operative position relative to said holder member in which said photographic film is in 

